Formula For the area of a triangle in different cases:
(i) When Base and Height are Given
Area of Triangle = 1/2 × ( Base × Height )
(ii) When all three sides are given
S = (a+b+c)/2
By Heron’s Formula
Area of Triangle = √s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
Q1. A traffic signal board, including ‘SCHOOL AHEAD”, is an equilateral triangle with the side ‘a’. Find the area of the signal board, using Heron’s formula. If its perimeter is 180cm, what will be the area of the signal board?
Given:
Perimeter = 180 cm
Each side = a
To Find:
Area of signal board = ?
Solution:
sum of all three sides = perimeter of triangle
a + a + a = 180
⇒ 3a = 180
⇒ a = 180/3
⇒ a = 60
Area of Signal board = Area of Equilateral triangle
⇒ Area of Signal board = (√3/4 )a² [ This formula is derived by heron’s formula]
⇒ Area of Signal board = (√3/4 )60×60
⇒ Area of Signal board = √3 ×15 × 60
⇒ Area of Signal board = 900√3 cm²
Q2. The triangular side walls of a flyover have been used for advertisements. The sides of the walls are 122 m, 22m, and 120m(see Fig. 12.9). The advertisements yield an earning of Rs 5000 per m² per year. A company hired one of its walls for 3 months. How much rent did it pay?
Given:
a = 122 m
b = 120 m
c = 22 m
Per year earning 5000 per m²
The company hired one wall for 3 months =?
To Find:
Total Rent for 3 months for one wall =?
Solution:
s = (a +b +c)/2
⇒ s = (122+120+22)/2
⇒ s = 264/2
⇒ s = 132
(s-a) = 132-122 = 10
(s-b) = 132 – 120 = 12
(s-c) = 132 – 22 = 110
Area of one wall = Area of Triangle
⇒ Area of one wall = √s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
⇒ Area of one wall = √132×10×12×110
⇒ Area of one wall = √2×2×3×11×2×5×2×2×3×2×5×11
⇒ Area of one wall = √2×2×2×2×2×2×3×3×5×5×11×11
⇒ Area of one wall = 2×2×2×3×5×11
⇒ Area of one wall = 1320 m²
12 months rent = Rs 5000 per m²
1-month rent = Rs 5000/12 per m²
3 months rent = Rs 5000×3/12 = 1250 per m²
Total Length for 3 months for one wall = 1250×1320 = Rs 1650000
Q3. There is a slide in a park. One of its side walls has been painted in some colour with a message “KEEP THE PARK GREEN AND CLEAN”(see Fig. 12.10). If the sides of the wall are 15m, 11m, and 6m, find the area painted in colour.
Solution:
a = 15
b = 11
c = 6
s = (a +b +c)/2
⇒ s = (15+11+6)/2
⇒ s = 32/2
⇒ s = 16
(s-a) = 16-15 = 1
(s-b) = 16 – 11= 5
(s-c) = 16-6 = 10
By Heron’s Formula
Area of wall painted in colour = √s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
⇒ Area of wall painted in colour = √16(1)(5)(10)
⇒ Area of wall painted in colour = √16×5×5×2
⇒ Area of wall painted in colour = 4×5√2
⇒ Area of wall painted in colour = 20√2 m²
Q4. Find the area of a triangle two sides of which are 18 cm and 10 cm and the perimeter is 42 cm.
Given:
a = 18
b = 10
c = ?
To Find:
Area of Triangle =?
Solution:
s = perimeter/2 = 42/2 = 21
(s-a) = 21-18= 3
(s-b) = 21-10 = 11
(s-c) = 21- 14 = 7
Perimeter = 42
a +b + c = 42
⇒ 18 +10+c = 42
⇒ 28 +c = 42
⇒ c = 42 – 28
⇒ c = 14
By Heron’s Formula :
Area of Triangle = √s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
⇒ Area of Triangle = √21(3)(11)(7)
⇒ Area of Triangle = √3×7×3×11×7
⇒ Area of Triangle = 3×7√11
⇒ Area of Triangle = 21√11 cm²
Q5. Sides of a triangle are in the ratio of 12: 17: 25 and its perimeter is 540cm. Find its area.
Solution:
Let the sides are
a = 12x
b = 17x
c = 25x
Perimeter = 540 cm
the sum all three sides = Perimeter
12x + 17x + 25x = 540
54x = 540
x = 540/54
⇒ x = 10
a = 12×10 = 120 cm
b = 17×10 = 170 cm
c = 25×10 = 250 cm
S = Perimeter /2 = 540/2 = 270
By Heron’s Formula :
Area of Triangle = √s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
⇒ Area of Triangle = √270×120×170×250
⇒ Area of Triangle = √3×3×3×3×2×2×5×5×10×10×10×10×17
⇒ Area of Triangle = 3×3×2×5×10×10√17
⇒ Area of Triangle = 9000√17 cm²
Q6. An isosceles triangle has a perimeter of 30 cm and each of the equal sides is 12 cm. Find the area of the triangle.
Solution:
Let the sides are a, b and c
here a = c = 12
b = ?
Perimeter = 30
⇒ a + b + c = 30
⇒ 12+b+12 = 30
⇒ 24+b = 30
⇒ b = 30 – 24
⇒ b = 6
(s-a) = 15-12 = 3
(s-b) = 15-6 = 9
(s-c) = 15-12 = 3
By Heron’s Formula
Area of Triangle = √s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)
⇒ Area of Triangle = √15(3)(9)(3)
⇒ Area of triangle = √3×5×3×3×3×3
⇒ Area of triangle = √3×3×3×3×3×5
⇒ Area of triangle = 3×3√3×5
⇒ Area of triangle = 9√15 cm²